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IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL MARKERS IN UTERINE TUMOURS DIAGNOSTICS
DANIHEL, L., BABAL, P., PORUBSKY, J., ZAVIACIC, M., BREITENECKER, G., JANEK, L.
The recent fast growth of data on new markers and their identification in different cellular structures results in the need of narrow selection with regard to their applicability. The aim of the review is description of application possibilities of immunohistochemical methods in the diagnostics of pathological processes in the cervix and body of uterus. (Fig. 5, Ref. 43.)
Key words: immunohistochemistry; uterus; tumor.
Bratisl Lek Listy 1995; 96: 353-360
MONOCYTOID B-CELL LYMPHOMA: A "NEW" TYPE OF LYMPHOMA
PLANK, L., SOKOL, L., ADAMKOV, M., SZEPE, P., POKORNA, E., STRACHILOVA, J., OCKOVA, J., SEKERKOVA, S., BALKOVA, R.
Background: Clonal
proliferation of monocytoid B-lymphocytes (MBLy) - monocytoid
B-cell lymphoma (MBCL) represents a "new" type of lymphoma
within the spectrum of B-cell malignancies.
Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the possibilities
of a routine histological and immunohistochemical diagnosis of
MBCL.
Methods: Three cases of MBCL diagnosed in peripheral lymph
nodes (n=2) and in mammary gland with infiltration of regional
lymph node (n=1) were analyzed both histologically and
immunohistochemically using a panel approach (Ig chains, CD30
antigen, markers of B-cells, T-cells and of monocytes/histiocytes).
Results: Morphological appearance of neoplastic cells of
MBCL is identical to that of MBLy in reactive conditions - kidney-shaped
nuclei, bright clear PAS-negative cytoplasm, and small inconspicuous
nucleoli.
Conclusions: Morphological appearance together with immunophenotypic
results (positivity of CD20 and Ki-B5, negativity of CD3, CD43,
CD45RO, and of lysozyme, negativity of CD30) are considered to
represent sufficient diagnostic criteria of MBCL, including its
differential diagnosis of other B-cell low grade malignancies.
An increase of large cell type MBLy might represent a feature
of a secondary blastic transformation of MBCL. (Tab. 2, Fig.
5, Ref. 27.)
Key words: monocytoid B-cell lymphoma; non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; cytomorphology.
Bratisl Lek Listy 1995; 96, 361-367
ATELOCOLLAGEN/HYDROXYLAPATITE COMPOSITE MATERIAL AS BONE DEFECTS FILLERS IN THE EXPERIMENT ON RATS
GALBAVY, S., LEZOVIC, J., HORECKY, J., VANIS, M., BAKOS, D.
Many types of biomaterials are used as skeletal bone fillers in
reconstructive surgery. An attention is paid to hydroxyapatite
due to its high biocompatibility with the surrounding tissue.
The paper deals with the testing of new collagen/hydroxyapatite
composite material applied to the bone defect on os parietale
of rats. The composite material was prepared from the bovine atelocollagen
dispersion and the dispersion of hydroxyapatite. Collagen serves
as a matrix in which the particles of hydroxyapatite are anchored.
The composite presents the advantage that after the saturation
with physiological solution it is compact and can be shaped.
The composite material was implanted in the form of plate into
six male Wistar rats to the ground bed on the surface of os parietale.
The implants were taken out after four moths. The macroscopic
finding of soft tissue, bones and implants gave evidence about
good healing without any undesirable reaction. This was also confirmed
by the histological observations. Collagen was resorbed and the
rest of the material strongly adhered to the bone. The marked
osteocytes were present in the zone of the newly formed bone and
the dividing line between new and old bone was clear.
The experimental results give preconditions to the clinical use
of this new composite implant material the structural improvement
of which is in progress. (Fig. 2, Ref. 12.)
Key words: atelocollagen; hydroxylapatit; bone defects fillers; biological testing; histologic analysis.
Bratisl Lek Listy 1995; 96: 368-370
HISTOCHEMISTRY OF THE NOVEL LECTIN FROM TRITRICHOMONAS MOBILENSIS WITH SPECIFICITY FOR SIALIC ACID
BABAL, P., ZAVIACIC, M., DANIHEL, L., GARDNER Jr., W.A.
Background: Histochemistry with lectins highly specific
for one sugar represent a sensitive and accurate method for the
localization of glycoproteins in tissues.
Objectives: The paper evaluates the possibilities of histochemical
applications of the novel lectin from Tritrichomonas mobilensis
(TML) with specificity for sialic acid.
Methods: TML purified by affinity chromatography was used
for anti-TML monoclonal antibody production and tested with the
use of avidin-biotin peroxidase technique.
Results: In human biopsy material from different organs
and tissues, TML showed strong membrane reactivity with vascular
endothelium with the exception of glomerular and pulmonary capillaries
and sinuses in the spleen and the bone marrow. Luminal membrane
positivity dominated in glandular epithelia, especially in the
lining of ducts. In squamous epithelia, the membrane positivity
was present in cells of the basal layer, in transitional epithelium
also in umbrella cells. Mucus in respiratory tract was positive,
in gastrointestinal tract the positivity was irregular. Nerv tissue
and endocrine glands were mostly negative.
Conclusions: The lectin from tritrichomonas mobilensis
can be considered a perspective reagent for identification of
sialylated glycosubstances based on its high specificity for one
sugar - the sialic acid and excellent results in histochemistry.
(Fig. 7, Ref. 29.)
Key words: Tritrichomonas mobilensis; lectin; histochemistry; sialic acid.
Bratisl Lek Listy 1995; 96: 371-377
PATHOLOGY OF THE CERVIX UTERI - DIAGNOSTICS ASPECTS
ONDRIAS, F.
The study presents results of routine bioptic diagnoses. 651 lesions of cervix uteri have been diagnosed during a five-year period. The presented number represented a summary of 26 % of the absolute number of 2513 registered neoplastic and precancerous lesions of the female genital. The group of patients yielded dominance of precancerous lesions of exo and endocervix, namely in 445 cases, i.e. 68 %. Malign tumours of exo and endocervix uteri constituted a group of 185 cases, i.e. 28 %. The study proves the world's trends of the development of pathological changes in cervix uteri where HPV infection represents one of the most significant factors. The two-year lasting evaluation of 27 093 cytologically examined patients revealed HPV infection in 748 female patients, i.e. in 2.8 %. Summuarization of the findings detected on the basis of cytologic and bioptic examinations proved the histologic correlation of HPV infection in 124 patients out of 467 patients afflicted with dysplastic or malign lesion of exocervix. (Tab. 1, Fig. 3, Ref. 13.)
Key words: cervix uteri; precancerous conditions; malign tumours; HPV infections.
Bratisl Lek Listy 1995; 96: 378-383
SEROVE AUTOPROTILATKY PRI REKURENTNEJ PAROTITIDE DETI
BABAL, P., CAPOVA, L.
Background: Recurrent parotitis in
children is a relatively frequent disease, the pathogenesis of
which has not been cleared yet.
Objectives: The possibility of autoimmune mechanisms participating
in the disease development was evaluated.
Methods: 20 sera samples from patients with recurrent parotitis
in children were examined. The presence of autoantibodies was
tested on cryostate sections of the parotid gland tissue using
direct immunofluorescence.
Results: In 17 sera the presence of autoantibodies reacting
with the cytoplasm of acinar cells and in 8 antibodies reacting
with the cytoplasm of ductal cells were found. Mostly they were
of IgM class, less frequently the IgG type. Anti-nuclear antibodies
were not identified.
Conclusions: With regard to the clinical finding of isolated
and mostly unilateral affliction of the parotid gland, the found
autoantibodies cannot be considered pathognomic, causing an autoimmune
disease. It is assumed that these autoantibodies are produced
in response to the primary damage of the salivary gland, the cause
of which has not been fully explained so far. (Tab. 1, Fig.
4, Ref. 14.).
Key words: recurrent parotitis; child; autoantibodies; autoimmunity.
Bratisl Lek Listy 1995; 96: 384-388
DEEP SOFT TISSUE LEIOMYOMA
ADAMICOVA, K., BESEDA, A., SLAVIK, P., FELCANOVA, D., BENCAT, M.
Deep soft tissue leiomyomas (DSTL) are very rare. For this reason they are neither histologically, nor clinically reliably characterized, especially regarding their dignity. The authors present two cases of leiomyomas which grew from the deep soft tissue in the region of the head and perineum. Both cases involved women 43 and 63 years of age. Characteristical morphological traits, as e.g. good borderline of lesion, the presence of fibrous pseudocapsule, and classical morphologic appearance of leiomyoma were present in both cases. While in the first case the foci of dystrophic calcification within regressively altered foci of the tumour were found, the second case involved the presence of foci of myxohyalin degeneration of stroma. The first tumour contained also parts with a palisade arrangement of nuclei which gives a hint of resemblance to that of neurilemmoma. Mitoses did not exceed the HPF index of 2/10 in neither of the cases. Both cases were S-100 immunohistochemically negative, actin and human muscle actin were significantly positive, desmin was weakly or mediately positive, and vimentin significantly or mediately positive. The first case involved a clinical recurrence of a histologically verified leiomyoma after 5 years in the same location with MI being of zero value. Regarding the presented characteristics, the authors classify the described leiomyomas as DSTL. These tumours with an uncertain prognosis can metastatize despite their benign morphology. (Tab. 2, Fig. 4, Ref. 19.)
Key words: deep soft tissue leiomyomas; histology; criteria of malignity; immunohistochemistry.
Bratisl Lek Listy 1995; 96: 389-394
CERVICAL SPONDYLOTIC MYELOPATHY
LOHNERT, J., LATAL, J.
Cervical spondylotic myelopathy, the most frequent type of spinal cord's function impairment in patients over 55 years of age, is caused by mechanical and dynamical changes in the degenerating lower cervical segment of the spine leading to the reduction of the perimedullar space, disturbing thus the blood supply or spinal cord per se. The clinical picture of neurologic changes and their development is very variable. The suspicion of CSM is supported by the finding of the stenosis of the spinal canal to 11 mm, or the decrease in Pavlov's index below 0.8. The diagnosis is based dominantly on CT myelographic examination and MRI. Operative solution has a favourable prognosis providing that the irreversible changes in the spinal cord are absent. (Tab. 1, Fig. 7, Ref. 12.)
Key words: cervical myelopathy; CSM; degenerative diseases of spine.
Bratisl Lek Listy 1995; 96: 395-400