Electronic Library of Scientific Literature
Electronic Library of Scientific Literature
Volume 58 / No. 03 / 2003
PAPERS
ESSAYS
REVIEWS
OLIVER BAKOŠ, Katedra estetiky, FiF UK, Bratislava
FILOZOFIA 58, 2003, No 3, p. 147
The paper deals with pure judgments of taste in Kant's aesthetics regarding the meaning they achieve due to the presence of the other (different) subject. In his Critique of Judgment Kant defines the subject as a physical individual endowed with feelings, related not only to objects, but rather expanding this relation on the community of others. Therefore, the aesthetic relation to an object, which is the precondition of the pure judgment of taste, involves implicitly a recquirement on the subject to renounce his narrow egoistic limitations. This is why the aesthetic relation corresponds to a whole series of ethical definitions.
JURAJ TÖRÖK, Liptovský Trnovec
FILOZOFIA 58, 2003, No 3, p. 155
The paper depicts a group of intellectuals, so called "Christianists", which during the communist totality (1948 - 1971) in Slovakia held secret regular meetings to create a Christian ideological platform, which was intended as an opposition to dominating Marxist ideology of scientific socialism. The document "From Christ to Marx, from Marx to Christ" indicates, that the group originally considered itself as "Lutheran modernists", expecting the rise of modernist movments also in other confessions. It came out, however, that the project of an Encyclopedia of the sciences of scientific christianism as well as the whole conception of the movment was not able to resist the totality and after 1968, in the period of so called "normalization" the group ceased to exist.
ANNA REMIŠOVÁ, Katedra kulturológie FiF UK, Bratislava
FILOZOFIA 58, 2003, No 3, p. 169
The aim of the paper is the analysis of Wittgenstein's views on ethics in his early writings, namely in his Notebooks (1914 - 1916) and Tractatus. His understanding of ethics in this period might be characterized as follows: 1. Ethics is beyond any expression. 2. Ethics, like God, goodness, values or logic, is beyond the world. 3. Ethics is closely related to mysticism, religion and metaphysics. 4. Ethics has its roots in mysticism. The paper examines the influence Wittgenstein's logical - philosophical basic views exerted on his belief, according to which ethics is beyond any expression. Attention is paid also to the question, to what extent Wittgenstein's mysticism influenced his moral views, especially his views on good and happy life. According to Wittgenstein ethics is something higher, supernatural, transcendent, divine, religious mystical, metaphysical, absolute and beyond any expression. His views on ethics differ fundamentally from the traditional conception of ethics as practical philosophy, and thus the question, whether he still speaks of ethics in its everyday sense, is justified.
ĽUBOMÍR BELÁS, Katedra filozofie FF PU, Prešov
FILOZOFIA 58, 2003, No 3, p. 181
The paper focuses - in the context of the Renaissance period
- on Machiavelli as the founder of a new discipline, namely political science.
The author sees an ana_logy between the rise of the latter and the rise of
modern science on the experiential basis. The important idea is that the
political system is a human product. From the study of the social reality of the
Renaissance period comes out an important innovation, i. e. appearance of new
political bodies. Machiavelli's view of the sphere of the political is
realistic. In this sense the paper draws on E. Cassirer, seeing the author of The
Prince as the first among the Renaissance thinkers, who clearly abandoned
previous scholastic tradition of thinking about the state.
Machiavelli's political science is interpreted as based on the knowledge of
history of the world, as well as of humans. Attention is paid especially to
those human qualities, which could be effective in achieving political power. In
conclusion the paper shows, that the essential and integrating aspect of
Machiavelli's political wisdom is his conviction of a deeply rooted moral
corruption of humans.
JOZEF PAUER, Filozofický ústav SAV, Bratislava
FILOZOFIA 58, 2003, No 3, p. 188
The paper is an attempt at a definition of a common ground with its immanent potency as the founding force of various forms of the world common to all people. Its first part gives a brief outline of the conceptions of this common ground in the history of European thinking, such as Plato's case. Cusanus' community or joined unity and Whitehead's creativity. The second part derives from these conceptual schemes, reflecting on the domain of potency as the dynamics of being and the ground of the original continuum, as the ultimate determination, in which the founding force of social forms of being has its roots.
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