Electronic Library of Scientific Literature - © Academic Electronic Press
Volume 56 / No. 2 / 2004
T. Ziętara: Modifying of cryoplanation terraces in the flysch Carpathians. Geografický časopis, 56, 2004, 2, 9 figs., 39 refs.
This paper deals with the distribution, origin and development of cryoplanation terraces in the flysch Carpathians. The terraces developed within the Beskidian planation level and are related to the bedrock structure. Cryoplanation terraces resulted from slope retreat during recurrent cold (periglacial) climate stages. Cryonival and cryoplanation processes led to the lowering of single or sets of rock beds forming frost cliffs. In the wet periods of the Holocene, the cryoplanation terraces were transformed by deep-seated landslides and by debris flows. At present, cryoplanation terraces can be found in two climatic zones: below 1600 m a.s.l. (moderate cool zone, with inactive periglacial processes) and above 1600 m a.s.l. (moderate cold zone, with active cryogenic processes).
Key words: cryoplanation, Holocene, flysch, Carpathians
Roman Malarz *
R. Malarz: The rate of gravel abrasion in the Carpathian rivers. Geografický časopis, 56, 2004, 2, 3 figs., 4 tabs., 23 refs.
The paper presents the rate of gravel abrasion during fluvial transport. It is manifest in pebble alterations, including the change in their size. The study was done in alluvia of the Soła and Skawa rivers in the West Carpathians (Poland) and of the Prut and Cheremosh rivers in the East Carpathians (Ukraine). The largest clasts in modern channel bars were studied. The reduction index determined using the Sternberg formula was compared with similar indices calculated for other rivers. An attempt was also made to explain the difference in these indices between the East and West Carpathian rivers.
Key words: fluvial processes, gravels, Soła, Skawa, Prut, Cheremosh
Joanna Zawiejska, Kazimierz Krzemień *
J. Zawiejska, K. Krzemień: Man-induced changes in the structure and dynamics of the upper Dunajec River channel. Geografický časopis, 56, 2004, 2, 10 figs., 19 refs.
The Dunajec River is a typical gravel-bed river draining the high-mountain Tatra massif. The river rises from the confluence of the Biały Dunajec and the Czarny Dunajec rivers. Long-lasting transport of gravels from the Tatra massif onto its foreland, which took place in the Pleistocene and the entire postglacial period, has led to the formation of a braided gravel-bed river. Due to human interference, the intensity of which has become pronounced from the turn of the 20th century onwards, the structure of the channel of the upper Dunajec underwent a series of adjustments. Channel narrowing and incision have been particularly intense since the 1960s resulting from channelization, as well as gravel extraction from the channel. These activities led to the destruction of several natural reaches of the channel and caused subsequent bed degradation. Engineering works aiming at flood-hazard reduction are effective only locally, while in the downstream reaches, their effect may be the reverse. Attempts at limiting sediment supply into the Czorsztyn Reservoir seem to have been ineffective.
Key words: gravel-bed rivers, fluvial processes, human impact, Carpathians
Ján Urbánek *
J. Urbánek: Hypothesis of relief metastability. Geografický časopis, 56, 2004, 2, 7 figs., 17 refs.
The study is concerned with hierarchic organization of geomorphological processes. It describes three levels of organization, the level of gravitational processes, the level of geomorphological catenas and the level of basins. It is presumed that metastability is linked to the basin level, which remains metastable due to a certain organization of processes at the level of geomorphological catenas. The author presumes that the metastability of basins depends on a high rate of differentiation of catenas.
Key words: geomorphological catena, basin, gravitational processes, metastability, hypothesis, hierarchic organization
Jozef Jakál *
J. Jakál: The conditions of autochthonous and allochthonous development of the West Carpathian karst relief. Geografický časopis, 56, 2004, 2, 5 figs., 19 refs.
The conditions of autochthonous and allochthonous development as defined by L. Jakucs (1977) along with the mixed auto-allogenic karst type identified by the author in the West Carpathians, particularly in the areas of the contact plateau karst are analysed in this paper. The position of karst amidst the non-karst relief, properties of the geological structure and the possible effects of autochthonous or allochtonous rivers, those of tectonics of the territory on the development of fluvio-karst valleys and cave river systems are studied. Diverse types of genesis appear even in morphologically similar karst types. Blockdiagrams bring the models of basic karst types.
Key words: autogenic karst, allogenic karst, geological structure, morphotectonics, West Carpathians
Slavomír Ondoš, Pavol Korec *
S. Ondoš, P. Korec: Overview and interpretation of construction development in the Bratislava city centre in the post-socialist period. Geografický časopis, 56, 2004, 2, 4 figs., 44 refs.
The main purpose of the paper is to provide comprehensive characteristics and interpretation of the building development of the city centre of Bratislava in the post-socialist period. The database was created during detailed research realized at the beginning of 2002. The paper also brings information on the following: evaluation of existing approaches to definition of the city centre in urban geography, directions of the research and an overview of the centre in post-socialist cities and to highlight the fundamental tendencies in the functional use of the active elements in Bratislava. Attention is also paid to the peripheral neighbouring areas not included here although having a great potential to acquire the morphological and functional qualities of the city centre.
Key words: urban geography, post-socialist city, Bratislava city centre, construction development
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