Electronic Library of Scientific Literature
Electronic Library of Scientific Literature
TUNDE LENGYELOVA
LENGYELOVA, T.: The 16th and 17th century-social-population structure of little Slovak towns. Historicky casopis, 43, 3, 1995, pp. 417-436, Bratislava.
The noble (nobility) towns and little towns had a large population in 16th and 17th century. The majority of this population were villeins. The majority of these villeins were farmers or peasants and cottars. The minority included socalled "free-men" a certain group of people with special privileges. They were granted these privileges by the landlord or nobility for certain services. The author pays special attention to different kinds or forms of freedom and to the relations of certain group of population and the nobility or landlord or the ruler of the town. The author follows the law duties, the filling of the land-register duties and she also describes the possibilities of being dismissed from these duties. The land-register is base the decription of the social conditions and general position of the population.
History. Slovakia. The 16th and 17th century population of Slovak towns.
ELENA MANNOVA
MANNOVA, E.: The Transformation of the Identity of the Germans in Bratislava during the 19th Century. Historicky casopis, 43, 3, 1995, pp. 437-449, Bratislava.
During the 19th century Bratislava (Preßburg, Pozsony) recovered from the loss of its prestige and political importance as the coronation city of Hungary. The author presents an overview of the network of voluntary associations and analyses the "collective consciousness" and the various opportunities for sef-identification of Bratislava's Germans based upon an examination of the records of their (selected) associations. She also investigates processes of assimilation (first of all Magyarization) in the life and activities of the German voluntary societies including the use of the Hungarian language, changes in the statutes and symbols of the associations, the cult of Hungarian and German musicians and writers, concert programs, the building of library collections or musical score collecttions of societies and their ceremonies.
History. Slovakia. The Transformation of the identity of the Germans in Bratislava during the 19th century.
JAN PESEK
PESEK, J.: The Slovak agricultural and non-agricultural co-operatives after the World War II (from 1945 till 1948). Historicky casopis, 43, 3, 1995, pp. 450-463, Bratislava.
After the end of World War II. the agricultural and non-agricultural co-operatives concentrated themselves on the war-damages repairs and on their consolidation. The Slovak co-operatives' structure was almost identical to the pre-war one. This is a study on the 1945-1948 Slovak agricultural-and-non-agricultural-co-operatives development. The author concentrates on the co-operatives themselves, as well as on their practical efficiency. On the other hand, the author also the Slovak agricultural and non-agricultural co-operatives as a part of the polical fight for power. This fight or struggle ended in february of 1948.
History. Slovakia. The agricultural and non-agricultural co-operatives from 1945 till 1948.
SLAVOMIR MICHALEK
MICHALEK, S.: The 1945-1946 U.S.A. credits for Czechoslovakia. Historicky casopis, 43, 3, 1995, pp. 464-480, Bratislava.
Author concentrates especially on the 50-milion-USD credit given to Czechoslovakia for the purchase of some goods from the American army residual reserves in depots in the Western Europe. It also describes the conditions, forms of sale, political background and the reasons of the American side for stopping the credit (money) flow and the Czechoslovak purchase of the American surplus goods. On the other hand, this study describes the Czechoslovak actions in this matter, including mistakes. The author also presents and makes comments on the additional and short-time US credits. These were aimed to enable Czechoslovakia the purchase of tobacco and cotton. At the end, the author pays attention to the U.S.A.-for Czechoslovakia-reconstruction credit. The author also presents the reasons for this credit not to come true. Further Czechoslovak wishes for such a credit were ignored by the U.S.A.
History. Czechoslovakia. The 1945-1946-U.S.A. credits for Czechoslovakia.
PAVOL PETRUF
PETRUF, P.: The relationships between the U. S. A. to the U. S. S. R. and the Soviet Union block in the 40's and the early 50's. Historicky casopis, 43, 3, 1995, pp. 481-499, Bratislava.
The study is based on the published documents and the study analyses the U. S. A. relationships to the U. S. S. R. and five Russian block countries. The time parameters are the 40's and the early 50's. It describes the features of the U. S. A. total diplomacy and it studies on some questions about the U. S. A. relationships towards the Soviet-Union block countries. It analyzes the restriction policy of the U. S. A. and it pays special attention to the relationships between the U. S. A. and Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Poland. It demonstrates the differences in the U. S. A. relationships towards the Soviet-Union-block countries in the 50's. Poland is presented as an example. But on the other hand Poland was being an exception.
History. Central Europe. The U. S. A. to the U. S. S. R. and the Soviet Union block.
ZDENKA SOJKOVA
SOJKOVA, Z.: The spring of 1848 and the political and publishing activities of Ludovit Stur. Historicky casopis, 43, 3, 1995, pp. 500-525, Bratislava.
The author is a well-known Slovakist. The personality of L. Stur is in the focus of wide range of her historical and scientific activities. She has written several studies about him and his period. This is a study on the activities and opinions of L. Stur during the crucial month of 1848 revolution. Different opinions, reaction and commentaries from the Slovenske narodne noviny (Slovak National Newspaper) and its appendix Orol tatransky are presented. They concern different 1848-March events from Slovakia and also from abroad. This study helps to clear up the 1848-March events and the Slovak intelligence community reactions on them. The focus is put on Ludovit Stur.
History. Slovakia. The 1848-poilitical-and-publishing activities of L. Stur.
MARTIN JUHAS
JUHAS, M.: Information from some foreign representations of Slovak republic about the image of Slovakia in the press between the years 1943 and 1944. Historicky casopis, 43, 3, 1995, pp. 526-550, Bratislava.
The author tries to feature the years 1943 and 1944. At this time, the foreign activities of Slovak diplomacy were becoming stronger. This was also the time of a about-Slovakia-opinions change in the policy some countries and in the foreign media, as well. The Slovak state official start to care seriously about the Slovakia's image abroad, especially in the neutral countries. The Slovak state embassies were situated in Germany, Finnland, Hungary, Rumania, Bulgaria, Croatia and Italy. Concerning the neutral states, Slovakia did have embassies in Spain, Sweden, Vatican and Switzerland. The Slovak state foreign image was turning worse, inspite of it to be presented as a reliable economical partner. The image started to change after the beginning of the Slovak National Uprising, only.
History. Slovakia. The Slovak state and the 1943-1944-foreign press.
JAN RYCHLIK
RYCHLIK, J.: Political development in Slovakia in the years 1940-1941 in reports of Bulgarian diplomat K. Sismanov. Historicky casopis, 43, 3, 1995, pp. 540-559, Bratislava.
After the creation of the Slovak state Bulgaria was still receiving informations on Slovakia through the Bulgarian Consulate General in Prague. The Bulgarian diplomats did not have much respect for the Slovak state. Slovakia was described as a country paralyzed by the state financial deficit and administrative anarchy caused by the young radical elements from the Hlinka guard. The opinion of Bulgarian diplomats was influenced by the Czech "milieu" and the lack of every day contacts with the Slovak reality. Bulgaria recognized Slovakia on 5th August 1939. The first Bulgarian diplomatic envoy to Bratislava was K. Sismanov who was later replac ed by minister A. Stratiev. Between August 1940 and May 1941 K. Sismanov sent seven reports dealing with Slovakia and describing the internal political situation.
History. Slovakia. 1940-1941 - polical development in the reports of Bulgarian diplomats K. Sismanov.